56), there are three Gwenhwyfars married to King Arthur. See Feige, Hans-Uwe, ‘Die SED und der “bürgerliche Objektivismus” 1949/1950’, Deutschland Archiv, 10 (1995), 1074–83. Interview with author. 76 Behrens, Fritz, ‘Die Planung und Leitung der Volkswirtschaft: eine Stellungnahme’, Wirtschaftswissenschaft, 1 (1958), 31–8; see also SAPMO-BArch, DY30 47889. That said, some lane dominant supports can definitely set up kills for you if the enemy overextends, so keep an eye. Interview with author. One classic is Herzberg, Guntolf, Anpassung und Aufbegehren: die Intelligenz der DDR in den Krisenjahren 1956/58 (Berlin: Christoph Links, 2006), 453–73. It relates that Guinevere, described as one of the great beauties of Britain, was descended from a noble Roman family on her mother's side and educated under Cador, Duke of Cornwall. See also GI ‘Walter’, 9 Aug. 1957, BStU, MfS HA IX 11 ZUV 76-6, 163. ", "The Guinevere Deception (Camelot Rising, #1)", "Legends of Tomorrow books The Originals alum", Locations associated with Arthurian legend, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guinevere&oldid=987394617, Characters in works by Geoffrey of Monmouth, Articles containing Cornish-language text, Articles containing Old Irish (to 900)-language text, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Guinevere is a central character in the Broadway musical, In the 1989 American-British-Hungarian animated fantasy-comedy-adventure-musical TV movie, In the American original version of the animated series, This page was last edited on 6 November 2020, at 19:16. * Views captured on Cambridge Core between . If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. [11] The few exceptions of that include Arthur's son named Loholt or Ilinot in Perlesvaus and Parzival (first mentioned in Erec and Enide). Treptow-Köpenick, Berlin, 5 June 2018. Email your librarian or administrator to recommend adding this journal to your organisation's collection. Spectre's early game isn't fantastic, so don't expect to put on loads of pressure on your own. Here, Artus de Bretania and Isdernus approach a tower in which Mardoc is holding Winlogee, while on the other side Carrado (most likely Caradoc) fights Galvagin (Gawain) as the knights Galvariun and Che (Kay) approach. The actual archival surprise is that in the official protocols of the meetings at the Academy of Sciences there is hardly any information about the debate. [14], Early texts tend to portray her inauspiciously or hardly at all. Richards, Melville, "Arthurian Onomastics", in: "Cleveland Evans: Jennifer went from 'strange' to popular", http://users.clas.ufl.edu/jshoaf/ArthGuinevere.html, "Caradoc of Llangarfan: The Life of Gildas", "While King Arthur was Away, Did Guinevere with Mordred Play? In Ulrich's Lanzelet, Valerin, the King of the Tangled Wood, claims the right to marry her and carries her off to his castle in a struggle for power that reminds scholars of her prescient connections to the fertility and sovereignty of Britain. 94 This work would be published after the fall of the Berlin Wall by his daughter; see Behrens, Fritz, Abschied von der sozialen Utopie (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1992); Steiner, Helmut, ‘Fritz Behrens: Lebensbilanz eines sozialistischen Wissenschaftlers’, Deutschland-Archiv, 11 (1992), 1160–8; see also the fictitious interview with Behrens that Behrens wrote himself, and his diaries, ABBAW: NLB, file 326, 285. info); Breton: Gwenivar, Cornish: Gwynnever), also often written as Guenevere or Guenever, is the wife and queen of King Arthur in the Arthurian legend.Guinevere has been portrayed as everything from a villainous and opportunistic traitor to a fatally flawed but noble and virtuous lady. Behrens would not have liked to be associated with their entire programme, but this mention could clearly stoke the ad-hominem attacks in the debate. 2 For a general introduction to the Stasi, see Kowalczuk, Ilko-Sascha, Stasi konkret. 71 Walter report, BStU, MfS AIM 2981-62, 138. Find out more about sending to your Kindle. In Perlesvaus, after the death of Guinevere, her relative King Madaglan(s) d'Oriande is major villain who invades Arthur's lands trying to force him to abandon Christianity and to marry his sister, Queen Jandree. When she is eventually returned to Arthur, he has her condemned to death for infidelity and orders that she be torn to pieces by wild beasts, an event said to be shown on Meigle Stone 2 (Queen Venora's Stone). 22/23, 10117 Berlin (thereafter ABBAW). 54), only the daughter of Gogfran Gawr is mentioned. For his own later account of this text, see ‘Sozialismus – Utopie als Arbeitsaufgabe: Nachdenken über einen Nachlaßband von Fritz Behrens’, Utopie kreativ, 21/22 (1992), 88–94. Roesler speculates that Wolfgang Berger, personal referent of Ulbricht and one of Behrens's first students in Leipzig, might have saved Behrens from industry. In Diu Crône, Guinevere's captor is her own brother Gotegrim, intending to kill her for refusing to marry Gasozein who claims to be her rightful husband, and her saviour is Gawain. 85 Ulisch file, BStU, MfS AIM 2981-62-1, 151. One of them is Culhwch and Olwen, in which she is mentioned as Arthur's wife Gwenhwyfar, but little more is said about her. Interview by author. Gwenhwyfach (also spelled Gwenhwyach) appears in Welsh literature as a sister of Gwenhwyfar, but Welsh scholars Melville Richards and Rachel Bromwich both dismiss this etymology (with Richards suggesting that Gwenhwyfach was a back-formation derived from an incorrect interpretation of Gwenwhy-far as Gwenhwy-fawr). info); Breton: Gwenivar, Cornish: Gwynnever), also often written as Guenevere or Guenever,[1] is the wife and queen of King Arthur in the Arthurian legend. 42 Hannamaria Loschinski. Regarding the transformation of the Stasi during the thaw, see Engelmann, Roger and Schumann, Silke, ‘Der Ausbau des Überwachungsstaates: Der Konflikt Ulbricht-Wollweber und die Neuausrichtung des Staatssicherheitsdienstes der DDR 1957’, Vierteljahrsheft für Zeitgeschichte, 43, 2 (1995). 33 Secretariat minutes, SAPMO-BArch, DY30 56214, 3. Others worry about the spectre of fragmentation. Most records that concern the party are to be found in one file only (SAPMO-BArch, DY 30 83342), which must have been created ex-post to collect all information about Behrens (possibly by Kampfert). None of them were trained economists. Note you can select to send to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. [25] She is said to have been abducted by King Modred (Mordred). ... Synonymen und Aussprache. 23 Walter Ulbricht, ‘Über den XX. Both minimised the apparent conflict with an open debate culture and with a constitution that guaranteed freedom of expression. ‘There is no censorship here’, Ulbricht said at the thirtieth Plenum of the CC. See SAPMO-BArch, DY 30 83442. For a recent contribution to the framing of this change as a renegotiation of the socialist utopia, see Kolar, Pavel, ‘Die Feinde der Partei’, in Der Poststalinismus: Ideologie und Utopie einer Epoche (Köln: Böhlau, 2016), 201–55. Essays on the History of Marxist Ideas, Die SED und der “bürgerliche Objektivismus” 1949/1950, ‘Ich habe einige Dogmen angetastet’: Werk und Wirken von Fritz Behrens, Productivity, Value, and Plan: Fritz Behrens and the Economics of Revisionism in the German Democratic Republic, Zur ökonomischen Theorie und ökonomischen Politik der Übergangsperiode, Der dritte Weg: Die antistalinistische Opposition gegen Ulbricht seit 1953, Die Herausbildung der Wirtschaftswissenschaften in der Frühphase der DDR, Kommunisten gegen Kommunisten: die Intellektuellenpolitik der SED im Umfeld des XX. See Herzberg, Anpassung, 463. The first is the daughter of Cywryd of Gwent, the second of Gwythyr ap Greidawl, and the third of (G)ogrfan Gawr ("the Giant"). Isdernus is most certainly an incarnation of Yder (Edern ap Nudd), a Celtic hero whose name appears in Culhwch and Olwen. 64 Gisela Eckstein. 83 Next to Schirdewan and Oelßner, Wollweber, the head of the Stasi, and Ziller, the economy secretary, were also victims of this final attack against revisionist factions of the party. [32] Guinevere meets Lancelot one last time, refusing to kiss him, then returns to the convent. The reader can speculate what will happen next. Alternatively, in what Arthurian scholars Geoffrey Ashe and Norris J. [13] Arthur leaves her in the care of his nephew Modredus (Mordred) when he crosses over to Europe to go to war with the Roman leader Lucius Tiberius. 24 See e.g. 81 Paragenings later had a comeback in academia, receiving a PhD in 1969 in a more applied field. The principal Stasi records are the Benary files, BStU, MfS AOP 1012-57, 1 and 2. There was once a popular folk rhyme known in Wales concerning Gwenhwyfar: "Gwenhwyfar ferch Ogrfan Gawr / Drwg yn fechan, gwaeth yn fawr (Gwenhwyfar, daughter of Ogrfan Gawr / Bad when little, worse when great)."[10]. Layamon's Brut (c. 1200) features a dream sequence in which Arthur himself hacks Guinevere to pieces after beheading Mordred.[20]. Published online by Cambridge University Press: URL: /core/journals/contemporary-european-history. [25] This stone was one of two that originally stood near a mound that is identified as Vanora's grave. 9 Günther Ulisch lists forty-nine institute members, of which there were at least four without party membership. Incited to defend honour, Arthur reluctantly sentences his wife to be burned at the stake. See Schirdewan, Karl, Ein Jahrhundert Leben: Erinnerungen und Visionen (Berlin: Edition Ost, 1997). Sonderheft (1957). The French prose cyclical authors thus intended to justify Guinevere and Lancelot's adultery by blackening Arthur's reputation and thus making it acceptable and sympathetic for their medieval courtly French audience. [16] The works of Chrétien de Troyes were some of the first to elaborate on the character Guinevere beyond simply the wife of Arthur. 69 Heinz Paragenings. 105 This might be the origin of what Yurchak has identified as the ‘hyper-normalisation’ for late socialism. She has first appeared in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae, a pseudo-historical chronicle of British history written in the early 12th century, and continues to be a popular character in the modern adaptations of the legend. 8 See Behrens, Fritz and Benary, Arne, Zur ökonomischen Theorie und ökonomischen Politik der Übergangsperiode (Berlin: Die Wirtschaft, 1956), unpublished document, private archive of Gisela Eckstein, Grünau, Berlin. 89 See letter in SAPMO-BArch, DY 30 83342. Januar 1957, Gegen die Gefahr der Entwicklung revisionistischer Anschauungen auf dem Gebiet der Politischen Ökonomie, Einheit: Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis des wissenschaftlichen Sozialismus, Über die “Administration” und die “Ökonomie” im Sozialismus und in der Übergangsperiode, Die Planung und Leitung der Volkswirtschaft: eine Stellungnahme, Erklärung des Genossen Prof. Dr. Fritz Behrens, Ware, Wert und Wertgesetz: Kritische und selbstkritische Betrachtungen zur Werttheorie im Sozialismus. While later literature almost always named Leodegrance as Guinevere's father, her mother was usually unmentioned, although she was sometimes said to be dead (this is the case in the Middle English romance The Adventures of Arthur, in which the ghost of Guinevere's mother appears to her and Gawain in Inglewood Forest). The earliest datable mention of Guinevere (as Guanhumara, with numerous spelling variations in the surviving manuscripts) is in Geoffrey's Historia, written c. 1136. The importance of the debate as the beginning of self-censorship in East Germany has been noted in the literature, in particular by Steiner, ‘Akademie-Institut’. Her name is invariably Ginover (Ginovere) in the Middle German romances by Hartmann von Aue and Ulrich von Zatzikhoven, and the audience of Italian romances got to know her as Ginevra. 65 Report ‘Elli’, BStU, MfS AOP 1012-57-2, 182. 38 Secretariat minutes, SAPMO-BArch, DY 30-J VI 2-2-522, 7. See Müller, Dogmen, page. In Durmart le Gallois, Guinevere is delivered from her peril by the eponymous hero. 74 Party group statement, SAPMO-BArch, DY 30 83342, 97. Find out more about sending content to Dropbox. German romance Diu Crône gives Guinevere two other sisters: Gawain's love interest Flori and Queen Lenomie of Alexandria. Interview by author. Consequently, Arthur returns to Britain and fights Modredus at the fatal Battle of Camlann. Interview with author. To send this article to your Google Drive account, please select one or more formats and confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. Guinevere is childless in most stories. Grünau, Berlin, 6 June 2018. In the Italian 15th-century romance La Tavola Ritonda, Guinevere drops dead upon learning of her husband's fate when Lancelot rescues her from the siege by Arthur's slayer Mordred. [9] In a variant of another Welsh Triad (Trioedd Ynys Prydein, no. The 14th-century Welsh poet Dafydd ap Gwilym alludes to Guinevere's abduction in two of his poems. Ergänzen Sie die Liste von im Englisch Thesaurus Wörterbuch enthaltenen Synonymen für speculate. In French cyclical chivalric romances and the later works based on them, including the influential Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory, Guinevere is the daughter of King Leodegrance, who had served Arthur's father Uther Pendragon and was entrusted with the Round Table after Uther's death. Tagung des Zentralkommittees der Sozialistischen Einheitspartei Deutschlands am 30. Parteitag der Kommunistischen Partei der Sowjetunion’, Neues Deutschland, 4 Mar. 77 Bichtler, Karl and Zieschang, Kurt, ‘Revisionistische Konzeption oder einzelner Fehler?’ Wirtschaftswissenschaft, 1 (1958), 39–50. In the fields to the south and east of Carhaise, Arthur defends Leodegrance by defeating King Rience, which leads to his meeting and marriage with Guinevere. 11 They worked under their superior major, Paul Kienberg, the department head of HA-V in charge of ‘state apparatus, culture, churches and underground’. While her husband is absent, Guinevere is seduced by Modredus and marries him, and Modredus declares himself king and takes Arthur's throne. 67 KP Bischak, BStU, MfS AOP 1012-57-1, 201. If someone speculates financially, they buy property, stocks, or shares, in the hope of being able to sell them again at a higher price and make a profit. Über politische und wissenschaftliche Verantwortung in der marxistischen wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Forschungsarbeit: eine Stellungnahme, Prof. Dr. Gunther Kohlmey im Fadenkreuz der Revisionismus-Kampagne, Ein Jahrhundert Leben: Erinnerungen und Visionen, East German Economists and the Path to the “New Economic System” in the German Democratic Republic, Kritik der politischen Ökonomie und ökonomische Theorie des Sozialismus, Kritik der politischen Ökonomie heute: 100 Jahre ‘Kapital’, Fritz Behrens: Lebensbilanz eines sozialistischen Wissenschaftlers, Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More: The Last Soviet Generation, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960777320000168, Find out more about sending to your Kindle, Find out more about sending content to Dropbox, Find out more about sending content to Google Drive, https://www.ariva.de/forum/40-jahre-politischer-witz-in-der-ddr-77047, A Science Show Debate: How the Stasi Staged Revisionism – CORRIGENDUM.