[52] Once more (as with Live and Let Die and Dr. No) it is Bond the British agent who has to sort out what turns out to be an American problem[57] and this, along with Bond's warning to Goldfinger not to underestimate the English, may be seen as Fleming's reaction to the lack of US support over the Suez Crisis in 1956. "Fleming raised the standard of the popular story of espionage through good writing—a heightened journalistic style—and the creation of a government agent—James Bond, 007—who is sufficiently complicated to compel our interest over a whole series of adventures. [53], Benson, and Fleming's biographer Matthew Parker, consider Goldfinger to be the "densest" of the Bond novels, with a fast pace and high levels of action,[52][54] in which Bond moves from Miami, via New York to London, then through Kent and northern France to Switzerland, then back to New York to Kentucky, to New York, Washington, and finally ditching the aeroplane in the North Atlantic. In the film, Bond notes it would take twelve days for Goldfinger to steal the gold, before the villain reveals he actually intends to irradiate it with the then topical concept of a Red Chinese atomic bomb. Fröbe, who did not speak English well, was dubbed in the film by Michael Collins, an English actor. Goldfinger bribes the syndicate leaders with $15,000 in gold apiece to secure their attendance at the meeting and promises that each group will receive at least $1 billion, while he will keep $5 billion. Goldfinger After several years, the ban was lifted, as it was found that Fröbe likely saved the lives of two Jews by hiding them in his basement during the war. [2][3][a] That month Fleming travelled to his Goldeneye estate in Jamaica to write Goldfinger. After a struggle, Goldfinger fires his gun, breaking the window, and he is sucked out of the plane. In the script, the car was only armed with smoke screen, but every crew member began suggesting gadgets to install in it: Hamilton conceived the revolving license plate because he had been getting lots of parking tickets, while his stepson suggested the ejector seat (which he saw on television). The release of the film led to a number of promotional licensed tie-in items, including a toy Aston Martin DB5 car from Corgi Toys which became the biggest selling toy of 1964. The single for "Goldfinger" was also successful, going 8th at the Billboard Hot 100, and 21st in the UK charts. [25], There were some similarities between Ernő and Auric Goldfinger: both were Jewish immigrants who came to Britain from Eastern Europe in the 1930s and both were Marxists. Criticism of novel's plan and changes made in filmed version, 49th-greatest villain in the past 100 years of film, The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume II, List of recurring characters in the James Bond film series, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Auric_Goldfinger&oldid=985596424, Fictional characters based on real people, Characters in British novels of the 20th century, Articles using Infobox character with multiple unlabeled fields, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Goldfinger is parodied in the 2002 comedy film, Auric Goldfinger and Oddjob are multiplayer characters in the, Goldfinger also makes a minor appearance as an, Auric Goldfinger came 10th place in the 2002, Goldfinger also appears in the 2012 video game, This page was last edited on 26 October 2020, at 20:48. [66] As with his previous four novels, Fleming came up with the design of the front cover, which featured a rose between a skull's teeth. "[62] Writing in The Illustrated London News, Alan Dent thought Goldfinger "...even tenser, louder, wittier, more ingenious and more impossible than 'From Russia with Love'... [a] brilliant farrago", adding that Connery "is ineffable". Twice a year, Goldfinger drives his vintage Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost car from England to Enterprises Auric. "[5] He returned to London in March that year with a 270-page typescript, the longest he had produced to that time. In the film, Felix Leiter says that Goldfinger is "British, but he doesn't sound like it"; however, this may simply mean he possesses British citizenship, as by his accent and red-blond hair he is probably German by birth. Auric Goldfinger is a fictional character and the main antagonist in Ian Fleming's 1959 seventh James Bond novel, Goldfinger, and the 1964 film it inspired (the third in the James Bond series). Distributed By: [6], Although Fleming did not date the events within his novels, John Griswold and Henry Chancellor—both of whom wrote books for Ian Fleming Publications—identified different timelines based on events and situations within the novel series as a whole. The Continental had its engine removed before being placed in a car crusher, and the destroyed car had to be partially cut so that the Ford Falcon Ranchero pick-up truck on which it was deposited could support the weight. Source. In one scene, the villain's girlfriend, Jill Masterson, is murdered by "skin suffocation." Followed By: [110], The success of the film led to Ian Fleming's Bond novels receiving an increase of popularity[4] and nearly 6 million books were sold in the United Kingdom in 1964, including 964,000 copies of Goldfinger alone. The film's opening teaser sequence is based on the novel's opening where Bond is in the Miami Airport lounge thinking about the recent killing of a drug smuggler. Goldfinger is blown out of the cabin through the ruptured window. [71] After reissues, the first being as a double feature with Dr. No in 1966,[72] Goldfinger grossed a total of $51,081,062 in the United States[73] and $73,800,000 elsewhere, for a total worldwide gross of $124,900,000. Hamilton remarked, "Before [Goldfinger], gadgets were not really a part of Bond's world." When Bond contrives to play against Goldfinger with $10,000 at stake, he out-cheats Goldfinger by switching the latter's Dunlop 1 golf ball with a Dunlop 7 he had found while playing. [77], At the 1965 Academy Awards, Norman Wanstall won the Academy Award for Best Sound Effects Editing for his work,[78] making Goldfinger the first Bond film to receive an Academy Award. Terence Young, who directed the previous two films, chose to film The Amorous Adventures of Moll Flanders instead, after a pay dispute that saw him denied a percentage of the film’s profits. Later, Goldfinger and his henchmen learn from SMERSH who Bond is, and determine to take him with them in defecting to the Soviet Union. Goldfinger is the owner of "Enterprises Auric A.G." in Switzerland, maker of metal furniture, which is purchased by many airlines including Air India. The ban, however, was lifted many years later when a Jewish family publicly thanked Fröbe for protecting them from persecution during World War II. Following naturalisation as a British citizen in Nassau, in the Bahamas, Goldfinger has become the richest man in England, although his wealth is not in English banks, nor does he pay taxes on it, as it is spread as gold bullion in many countries. [34], Like many other of Fleming's villains, Goldfinger is not of British extraction (although he is a British citizen); other villains have been, for example, Russian, German, Jewish, Chinese-German or Slav. Goldfinger fancies himself an expert pistol shot who never misses, and always shoots his opponents through the right eye. [4] In the German version, Fröbe dubbed himself back again. Whilst they are each promised $1 million, Goldfinger tempts them that they "could have the million today, or ten million tomorrow". The film also stars Honor Blackman, Gert Frobe, Shirley Eaton, Harold Sakata, Bernard Lee, Desmond Llewelyn and Lois Maxwell. [32]Southend Airport was used for the scene where Goldfinger flies to Switzerland. 110 minutes [49] Benson states that the plot is impractical and that "sometimes there's no logic in the sequence of events";[29] the author Kingsley Amis—who also later wrote a Bond novel—says that the novel was "more implausible than most". The film made cinematic history when it recaptured its production costs in record-setting time, despite a budget equal to that of the two preceding films combined. Black writes that psychologically Goldfinger is warped, possibly because of an inferiority complex brought on by his shortness,[34] in contrast to several of Fleming's other over-sized villains. Extra people were hired for post-production issues such as dubbing so the film could be finished in time. Operation Grand Slam commences, and it transpires that Leiter has found and acted on Bond's message. Bond soon realises that Goldfinger is using his assistant, Jill Masterton, to spy on Du Pont's cards. [75][76] The re-release put the film twelfth at the weekly box office. Grammy Award for Best Score for a Motion Picture, British Academy of Film and Television Arts, AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains, https://movies.fandom.com/wiki/Goldfinger?oldid=229969. Only Bond and Pussy Galore, both wearing lifejackets, appear in the ocean and are soon picked up, as the only survivors. [56] Goldfinger was temporarily banned in Israel because of Gert Fröbe's connections with the Nazi Party. Bond then electrocutes him with a live wire that had been previously severed. [42], The opening credit sequence was designed by graphic artist Robert Brownjohn, featuring clips of all James Bond films thus far projected on Margaret Nolan's body. [10] The architect Ernő Goldfinger threatened to sue Fleming over the use of the name. For security reasons, the filmmakers were not allowed to film inside Fort Knox. Sean Connery never traveled to the United States to film this movie. His first name, Auric, is an adjective meaning of gold. Goldfinger's factory henchmen in the film wear yellow sashes, Pussy Galore at one point wears a metallic gold vest, and Pussy's pilots all wear yellow sunburst insignia on their uniforms. On 3 April 2010 BBC Radio 4 broadcast a radio adaptation of Goldfinger with Toby Stephens (who played the villain Gustav Graves in Die Another Day) as Bond,[87] Sir Ian McKellen as Goldfinger and Stephens's Die Another Day co-star Rosamund Pike as Pussy Galore. The laser beam itself was an optical effect added in post-production. In 2010 Goldfinger was adapted for BBC Radio with Toby Stephens as Bond and Sir Ian McKellen as Goldfinger. This is also the last Bond film to use the original Bob Simmons Gunbarrel sequence, which was first used in Dr. No. [66] Robson added that "the story, too, is more relaxed". [45] The cultural historians Janet Woollacott and Tony Bennett consider that many of the female characters in the Bond series depart from Fleming's accepted cultural norms; both Pussy Galore and Tilly Masterton conform to this rule because they are lesbian. Miami, Sandwich and now Geneva. [86], Following its radio version of Dr. No, produced in 2008 as a special one-off to mark the centenary of Ian Fleming's birth, Eon Productions allowed a second Bond story to be adapted. His first name, Auric, is an adjective meaning of gold. Then they hijack the aircraft and load Goldfinger's three-ton personal bullion hoard onto it. [58], Goldfinger was published on 23 March 1959 in the UK as a hardcover edition by Jonathan Cape; it was 318 pages long and cost fifteen shillings. Music: The novel was adapted as the third official Bond film in 1964. Shaken, not stirred"),[81] No. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. Bond lies to Goldfinger that MI6 knows about Grand Slam, causing Goldfinger to spare Bond's life to mislead MI6 into believing that Bond has things in hand. All of Goldfinger's female henchwomen in the film except his private jet's co-pilot (black hair) and stewardess (who is Korean) are red-blonde, or blonde, including Pussy Galore and her Flying Circus crew (both the characters Tilly Masterson and Pussy specifically have black hair in the novel). The agent sees Goldfinger cheating at gin rummy and stops him by distracting his employee, Jill Masterson, andblackmailing Goldfinger into losing. However, the releases of Open Your Eyes and Disconnection Notice saw the band shed most of the ska influence, and they have been more commonly placed in the punk rock genre in later years. [21] Broccoli and Saltzman turned instead to Guy Hamilton to direct; Hamilton, who had turned down directing Dr. No,[22] felt that he needed to make Bond less of a "superman" by making the villains seem more powerful. The soundtrack album topped the Billboard 200 chart, and reached the 14th place in the UK Albums Chart. Preceded By: [88][89] In 2008, Total Film named Goldfinger as the best film in the series. It was the short men that caused all the trouble in the world",[37] an opinion Black considers a reflection of the "racialism and crude psychology" of early-twentieth century literature. [41] Black considers that Goldfinger is portrayed as a killjoy as he does not consume cigarettes or alcohol—unlike many people of the time—but he does pay prostitutes; these aspects of Goldfinger's are condemned by Fleming for being outside normal appetites. [74] Though Fleming may have left reality behind, Richardson considered that the writer, "even with his forked tongue sticking right through his cheek, ... remains maniacally readable". When Bond comes to, he discovers that Jill has been covered with gold paint and she is dead. [10], Even the "avid anti-Bond and an anti-Fleming man",[77] Anthony Boucher, writing for The New York Times appeared to enjoy Goldfinger, saying "the whole preposterous fantasy strikes me as highly entertaining". Série Bons baisers de Russie (1963) Opération Tonnerre (1965) Pour plus de détails, voir Fiche technique et Distribution Goldfinger [ɡ ə ʊ l d ˈ f ɪ ŋ ɡ ə] est un film britannique réalisé par Guy Hamilton , sorti en 1964 . [69] Fleming took part in a select number of promotional activities, including appearing on the television programme The Bookman[4] and attending a book signing at Harrods. in 1965[100] and a spoof of Ian Fleming's first Bond novel, Casino Royale, in 1967. At gunpoint, he forces the crew to ditch in the sea near the Canadian coast, where they are rescued by a nearby weathership. Eventually one was found. In the vault, Oddjob handcuffs Bond to the device. "The color gold seems to persuade every scene, giving it a distinct motif that the other films have lacked". [34] For security reasons, the filmmakers were not allowed to film inside the United States Bullion Depository, although exterior photography was permitted. [87]IGN and EW also named Pussy Galore as the second best Bond girl. Writer(s): Ian Fleming also contributed to the original draft screenplay for. The song was composed by John Barry, with lyrics by Anthony Newley and Leslie Bricusse that were described in one contemporary newspaper as "puerile". [22], In June 1957 Fleming played in the Bowmaker Pro-Am golf tournament at the Berkshire Golf Club, where he partnered Peter Thomson, the winner of The Open Championship; much of the background went into the match between Bond and Goldfinger. [35] The comptroller of Fort Knox later sent a letter to Adam and the production team, complimenting them on their imaginative depiction of the vault. Gross: [10] The Sunday Times called Goldfinger "Guilt-edged Bond";[10] the critic for The Manchester Evening News thought that "Only Fleming could have got away with it ... outrageously improbable, wickedly funny, wildly exciting". Ian Fleming visited the set of Goldfinger in April 1964; he died a few months later in August 1964, shortly before the film's release. 53 for best song ("Goldfinger"),[82] No. Goldfinger was serialised as a daily story and as a comic strip in the Daily Express, before it became the third James Bond feature film of the Eon Productions series, released in 1964 and starring Sean Connery as Bond. While changing planes in Miami after closing down a Mexican heroin smuggling operation, the British Secret Service operative James Bond meets Junius Du Pont, a rich American businessman whom Bond had briefly met and gambled with in Casino Royale. Filming wrapped on 11 July at Andermatt, after nineteen weeks of shooting. He moved to the United Kingdom in the 1930s, and became a key member of the Modernist architectural movement. Hamilton recalled this was "hopeless", and they flew at about 500 feet, "and the military went absolutely ape". They grew up from childhood with an inferiority complex. [17][18], Once Fleming completed the novel—which he found the easiest of all the Bond books to write—he thought he had exhausted his inspiration for plots. While there, Bond sees the plan of Goldfinger to attack Fort Knox, tries to drop a note off to the CIA by putting it in the pocket of one of the mob members who was going to help Goldfinger, although he ended up being shot by Oddjob and crushed when his car was crushed into a cube. "[61] The Guardian said that Goldfinger was "two hours of unmissable fantasy", also saying that the film was "the most exciting, the most extravagant of the Bond films: garbage from the gods", adding that Connery was "better than ever as Bond. Bond foils Goldfinger's plan by writing a note to his American colleague Felix Leiter, containing the details of the impending operation, and taping it to the underside of an airplane toilet seat. Goldfinger plans to contaminate the water supply at Fort Knox using the nerve agent GB (also known as Sarin), killing everyone at the base. Fleming developed the James Bond character in Goldfinger, presenting him as a more complex individual than in the previous novels, and bringing out a theme of Bond as a St George figure. [74] Richardson said that Goldfinger "is the most preposterous specimen yet displayed in Mr. Fleming's museum of super fiends",[74] and, referring to the novel's central character, observed that "the real trouble with Bond, from a literary point of view, is that he is becoming more and more synthetic and zombie-ish. Adam and engineer John Stears overhauled the prototype of the Aston Martin DB5 coupe, installing these and other features into a car over six weeks. [37] Corgi Toys began its decades-long relationship with the Bond franchise, producing a toy of the car, which became the biggest selling toy of 1964. The film's score is described as "brassy and raunchy" with "a sassy sexiness to it". He is subsequently invited to Goldfinger's mansion near Reculver where he narrowly escapes being caught on camera looking through the house. It was reused for Thunderball. [85] Alan Barnes and Marcus Hearn, in their examination of the Bond films, consider that the film improves on what they see as some of Fleming's "ludicrous notions". The Continental had its engine removed before being placed in a car crusher, and the destroyed car had to be partially cut so the Ford Falcon Ranchero pick-up truck on which it is deposited could support the weight. "[59] Connery's acting efforts were overlooked by this reviewer, who did say: "There is some excellent bit-part playing by Mr. Bernard Lee and Mr. Harold Sakata: Mr. Gert Fröbe is astonishingly well cast in the difficult part of Goldfinger. [34], Elisabeth Ladenson, the general editor of Romanic Review, believes the character of Pussy Galore to be "perhaps the most memorable figure in the Bond periphery". Bond managed to convince Pussy Galore to change the nerve gas canisters in the planes about to attack Fort Knox with dummies, so that it has no effect on the soldiers there. Bond also overhears him talking to a Red Chinese agent named Mr. Ling about "Operation Grand Slam". Production designer Ken Adam chose the DB5 because it was the latest version of the Aston Martin (in the novel Bond drove an DB Mk.III), which he considered England's most sophisticated car. Miami also served as location to the scenes involving Felix's pursuit of Oddjob. Bändin … Although Bond initially believes that Goldfinger intends to steal the bullion, he soon realizes that the true plan is to set off a Chinese-supplied dirty bomb within the vault. Ken Adam was advised on the laser's design by two Harvard scientists who helped design the water reactor in Dr No. Bond and Tilly are subsequently taken to Goldfinger's operational headquarters in a warehouse in New York City. [10] He was a collector of Spanish doubloons,[11] and he commissioned a gold-plated typewriter from the Royal Typewriter Company,[12] although he never actually used it;[10][b] he wrote with a gold-tipped ballpoint pen and included the theft or obtaining of gold in several of his stories. In addition, the army are warned about the attack by Pussy, although this is not revealed until after Goldfinger has broken into the building, where they were all playing dead. However, he left the party before the outbreak of World War II. Goldfinger was chosen with the American cinema market in mind, as the previous films had concentrated on the Caribbean and Europe. He is defeated, however, when he is tricked by Bond after attempting to cheat. Bond learns that Goldfinger makes dead drops of gold bars for SMERSH along the way, and that his car's bodywork is 18-carat (75%), solid white gold under the ploy that the added weight is armour plating. Goldfinger cheats at cards and golf; Panek considers this is a traditional sign of a gauche individual. It is based on the novel of the same name by Ian Fleming. [79] John Barry was nominated for theGrammy Award for Best Score for a Motion Picture, and Ken Adam was nominated for the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) for Best British Art Direction (Colour), where he also won the award for Best British Art Direction (Black and White) for Dr. [84] The film was mostly similar to the novel, but Jill and Tilly Masterton (renamed Masterson for the film) have shortened roles and earlier deaths in the story. "[5] Another element which was original was the atomic device, to which Hamilton requested the special effects crew to get inventive instead of realistic. Sean Connery never travelled to Florida to film Goldfinger because he was filming Marnie[3] elsewhere in the United States. Goldfinger First edition cover, published by Jonathan Cape AuthorIan Fleming Cover artistRichard Chopping CountryUnited Kingdom LanguageEnglish SeriesJames Bond GenreSpy fiction PublisherJonathan Cape Publication date 23 March 1959 Media typePrint OCLC220354671 Preceded byDr. The film is generally regarded as the first official Bond blockbuster as well as being the template for all future Bond films; it is usually credited with triggering what is known as the "James Bond craze". Broccoli and Saltzman turned instead to Guy Hamilton to direct; Hamilton, who had turned down directing Dr. No, felt that he needed to make Bond less of a "superman" by making the villains seem more powerful. The film opened in 64 cinemas across 41 cities[4] and eventually peaked at 485 screens. [3] The sequence where Goldfinger has Bond strapped to a table with a laser and delivers the often homaged line "No, Mr. The ban, however, was lifted many years later when a Jewish family publicly thanked Fröbe for protecting them from persecution during, Gert Fröbe was chosen for the villain's role because producers Saltzman and Broccoli had happened to see his performance in a German thriller named 'Es geschah am hellichten Tag' ('It happened in broad daylight', 1958), which is based on the story, The iconic slow aerial shot that follows the opening credits is that of the Fontainebleau Hotel in Miami Beach, which still stands. Bond bluffs his way out of being killed by the laser by pretending to know what 'Operation Grandslam' is that he overheard. The film was a financial success, recouping its budget in just two weeks and is hailed as the series' quintessential episode, still being acclaimed as one of the best films in the entire Bond canon. Ernő Goldfinger RA (11 September 1902 – 15 November 1987) was a Hungarian-born architect and designer of furniture. 8 and No. However, Goldfinger has hijacked the plane carrying Bond. [17] Engelhard had established a business, the Precious Metals Development Company, which circumvented numerous export restrictions, selling gold ingots directly into Hong Kong. According to Stephen Heath, the literature and cultural historian, Galore's lesbianism is explained by being anti-man, following the rape, and she is converted because, as she says in the book, "I never met a man before". When Goldfinger first meets Bond in Miami, he claims that he is agoraphobic; a ploy to allow him to cheat Junius du Pont, a previous acquaintance of Bond's (from Casino Royale) at a game of two-handed Canasta. Du Pont asks Bond to watch Auric Goldfinger, with whom Du Pont is playing canasta, to discover if he is cheating. Bond then flies off to meet the President, but he finds that Goldfinger has hijacked the plane and is planning to fly to Cuba. Bond then turns to the pilots and forces the airplane to turn back from its intended flight path, causing it to ditch in the ocean after running out of fuel. [30] Ian Fleming visited the set of Goldfinger in April 1964; he died a few months later in August 1964, shortly before the film's release. Richard Maibaum, who wrote the previous films, returned to adapt the seventh James Bond novel. [81][e] The adaptation was written by Henry Gammidge and illustrated by John McLusky. Producer(s): Bond is captured and Goldfinger ties Bond to a cutting table underneath an industrial laser, which begins to slice a sheet of gold in half, with Bond lying over it. The weight of Goldfinger's gold causes the airplane to sink rapidly, taking his body and his pilots down with it. He is a powerful gold smuggler, jeweler and metallurgist and the head of his gold company Auric Enterprises. London Southend Airport was used for the scene where Goldfinger flies to Switzerland. Nothing seemed to belong. The gold paint would clog the pores and prevent perspiration, rendering the body unable to properly regulate its temperature. [68] The critic for The New York Herald Tribune, James Sandoe considered the book to be "a superlative thriller from our foremost literary magician". [16][17] The fictional and real Goldfingers were physically very different. [2] United Artists even had irate letters from people wondering "how could a British film unit be allowed inside Fort Knox? Leaving, Bond encounters Tilly as she tries to kill Goldfinger again, but trips an alarm in the process; Oddjob kills Tilly with his hat. [58], Benson identifies a theme of Bond acting as St George in Goldfinger which, he says, has run in all the novels, but is finally stated explicitly in the book as part of Bond's thoughts. James Bond: Ian Fleming Publications, "Goldfinger (1964)". He is five feet (1.52 m) tall, has blue eyes, red hair, and a passion for his tan. Goldfinger has a yellow-painted Rolls-Royce, and also sports yellow or golden items or clothing in every film scene, including a golden pistol, when disguised as a colonel. The concept of the recurring gold theme running through the film was a design aspect conceived and executed by Ken Adam and Art Director Peter Murton. [23] Hamilton said Dehn "brought out the British side of things". They are flying to Kentucky, where Bond is taken to Goldfinger's ranch where he races horses. Both travel by air ferries to Switzerland. The pair highlight the irradiation of the gold in Fort Knox, and the change of Pussy Galore's organisation to stunt pilots, rather than masquerading as nurses, as examples of improvements. After publication of the novel, the details of "Operation Grand Slam" were questioned, with critics noting it would have taken hours, if not days, to remove $15 billion from Fort Knox, during which the U.S. Army would have inevitably intervened. [7] He tells Bond he has done so with four Mafia heads at the end of the novel. During this conversation, Bond points out the logistical flaws in the theft as set out in the original novel. [23] However, Harry Saltzman disliked the first draft, and brought in Paul Dehn to revise it. Goldfinger is the self-titled debut album by punk rock band Goldfinger, released on Mojo Records in February 1996 and produced by Mojo founder Jay Rifkin.The album was a hit on college radio. [1] According to a 1965 Forbes article and The New York Times, the Goldfinger persona was based on gold mining magnate Charles W. Engelhard, Jr.[2], In 2003, the American Film Institute declared Auric Goldfinger the 49th-greatest villain in the past 100 years of film. In London, Bond learns that his objective is determining how Goldfinger smuggles gold internationally. Visually, the film uses many golden motifs to parallel the gold's symbolic treatment in the novel. Bond visits the Bank of England for a briefing on the methods of gold smuggling.